MIGRATION AND GLOBALIZATION
International Human Resource Economics
Growing development,
demographic and democratic disparities
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Human Development Index (HDI) : developing country ↓ HDI, Developed HDI
↑HDI ;(health, education and economic)
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Human welfare and gaps between rich and poor country are widening
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5 billion/80% of population in the world live in poor condition
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↑ 1.5 billion lack access to safe water
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2.6 billion do not have adequate sanitation
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115 million of children denied to get education
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Only 58% of women are literate
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Poor countries are mostly involved with fragile democratic, corruption
and weak law
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Global job crisis
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Great causes of migration
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Many of underemployed, working in informal sectors, unpredictable,
dangerous and low wage
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↑ rural-urban migration
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Segmentation of
labor market
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Occurs when some sector of job are avoided by native because of low
pay, insecure and low status
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3D works: dirty, dangerous and difficult
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Sectors: agriculture, estate, construction site, timber, plantations
and heavy industries
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Workers: irregular migrant/undocumented
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Advantage: cheap & flexible, abuse & exploited
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Communication and
transportation
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Has encouraged migration in two ways:
1.
Makes people aware of disparities, of what is it like in the other
parts of the world
2.
Makes people aware of opportunities to work and move abroad
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Migration networks
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·
Move to the countries where they have relatives, friends, transnational
migration networks
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Provide information
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Helps migrant to settle, find job, place to stay, economy and social
assistance
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New rights and
entitlements
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·
Allow certain people to move abroad easily
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Example: student, business people, sport people and entertainers which
do not need visa
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Many labors shifted from developing to developed countries
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The origin country have to accept the migration of its citizen because
of scarce job opportunity and high remittance
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Credit to: Suzana Gupoh
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